"the partition table doesn't quite match the partitions themselves" – Do you really mean it exactly as stated? Partitions are defined by the partition table and there is no other source of information where the partitions are. As if you claimed about some byte that "bits in the byte do not quite match the byte itself". In case of partitions their order in the table may or may not match their order on the disk. This is true and the rest of the answer seems fine.
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